Mu bihe bya nyuma bya lisansi, ibibazo by'ikirere biriyongera, kandi ibibazo by'ibibazo by'ikirere byabaye ibintu byo hejuru ku rutonde rwa guverinoma. Ni ubwumvikane ku isi hose ko kwemeza ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi ari byiza kunoza ikirere. Kugirango wongereho kwemeza ibivye, hariho ingingo imwe idashobora kwirindwa - kwishyuza amashanyarazi. Nk'uko ubushakashatsi bwinshi bw'isoko ry'abaguzi, abaguzi b'imodoka baza kutizera kwishyurwa nk'inzitizi ya gatatu ikomeye yo kugura ibi vyiza. Inzira yose yo kwishyuza irimo gride itangwa nibikorwa remezo byububasha no kubaka sitasiyo yishyuza ihura nibisabwa ku isoko. Niki kibahuza kuriyi modoka zishimishije ni bibi. Kugirango ukoreshe isoko rinini ryamashanyarazi, ikigaragara cyo kwishyuza insinga, nkigice cyingenzi, gishobora guhura cyangwa kizahura nibibazo bikurikira.
1.kuza byimazeyo umuvuduko
Ibinyabiziga bya urubura twamenyereye mubisanzwe bisaba iminota mike kugirango twuzuze, kandi mubisanzwe ntagomba gutoroka. Mu myumvire rero, lisansi ni ikintu cyihuse. Nka nyenyeri nshya, evs muri rusange ikeneye kwishyurwa kumasaha menshi cyangwa nijoro. Nubwo ubu hari amaguru menshi yihuse ubu, bisaba byibuze igice cyisaha. Iri tandukaniro rikomeye muri "Igihe cyoroshye" gitanga umuvuduko wihuta ikigize kibangamira kuba yaramamaye kuri evs.
Usibye imbaraga zitangwa namakuru, ibintu bigira ingaruka kumuvuduko wa el kwishyuza kandi ukeneye gusuzuma ubushobozi bwa bateri hamwe nubushobozi bwo kwakira bateri, kandi nicy'ingenzi cyane - ubushobozi bwo kwanduza umugozi wo kwishyuza.
Kubera igenamigambi ryo gutegura umwanya wo gushyuza sitasiyo, kugirango umenye neza ko ibyambu byo kwishyuza ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi mu myanya itandukanye by'imyanya miterere, kugira ngo babone imodoka bahagije, bityo ba nyirubwite bazaba bafite imbaraga . Impamvu tuvuga "uburebure bukwiye" ni ukubera ko mugihe gikwiye ko kijyanye no kwishyuza umuhuza, birashobora no gusobanura kwiyongera mubitero byo kurwanya inkweto no gutakaza ubu. Kuringaniza rero bigomba gukubitwa hagati yizi nyungu zombi.
Kurwanya mugihe cyo kwishyuza biva mubuyobozi burwanya no kurwanya umututsi wa kabili na pin. Umugozi ugezweho kandi wikoranabuhanga rihuza ubusanzwe wegera uburyo bwo gutondama, ariko ubu buryo buzatera kurwanya cyane no gutakaza imbaraga nyinshi. Urebye ibisabwa byinshi kubisohoka hejuru muri DC bishyuza, abakozi ba DC barimo kwishyuza telefone yo gusudira ultrasonic kugirango bakuremo telefone yo gusudira ultrasosonic hafi ya zeru no kwemerera urubuga runini. Imikorere myiza yacyo nziza yakunze kwitabwaho no kugisha inama abakozi benshi bazwi cyane ibikoresho byabakora ku isi.
2.Biza gukemura ubushyuhe ibibazo
Mugihe cyo kwishyuza, hari isano ikomeye hagati yubushyuhe bwimigozi yishyurwa no kwishyuza. Ku ruhande rumwe, ihererekanyabubasha ryaho. Nkuko ikiriho cyiyongera, ubushyuhe bwiyongera, bigatuma imyigaragange ryiyongera. Ku rundi ruhande, ubwo ubushyuhe bw'umuyobozi bwiyongera, imyigaragambyo yiyongera, itezi no kugabanuka kugabanuka.
Ubushyuhe bwo kuzamuka bwinsinga hamwe nabahuza kandi bitanga ibyago byumutekano, nkuko ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bushobora gutuma imikorere mibi cyangwa no kunanirwa kw'ibice, cyangwa bishobora gutera umuriro. Kubwibyo, amaguru mubisanzwe afite igenamigambi ryumutekano wo kurinda ubushyuhe hejuru no kurinda cyane. Ikimenyetso cy'ubushyuhe cyashyikirijwe cyane cyane ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya amashanyarazi binyuze mu ngingo zikurikirana y'ibikoresho, nka THEMMiSTORSS, Kugira ngo habeho igisubizo cyo kugabanya imbaraga zubu cyangwa kurinda imbaraga zubu cyangwa kurinda.
Kurenga igihe nyacyo cyo kugenzura ubushyuhe bwibikoresho, gutandukana nubushyuhe buri gihe bwo kwishyuza ni igisubizo cyingenzi cyo gukemura ubushyuhe. Ubusanzwe bigabanijwemo ibisubizo bibiri: gukonjesha bisanzwe no gukonjesha amazi. Ibyambere bishingiye cyane ku gishushanyo mbonera cy'ibikoresho byo kongera igice cyambukiranya insinga kandi gikora imirongo ikomeye yo guhinga ubushyuhe busanzwe. Iheruka ryishingiraho muburyo bwo gukonjesha gukora no guhana ubushyuhe kugirango ugere ku gutandukana gushya, kandi uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe burenze ubukonje busanzwe. Mugihe kimwe, tekinoroji yo gukonjesha isaba akantu gato ka cross-gace yinsinga, yemerera igishushanyo mbonera cyo kwishyuza insinga yoroshye kandi yoroshye.
3.Mufite uburambe bwumukoresha
Iherezo ryanyuma muburyo bwo kwishyuza insinga igomba gusigara kubakoresha, harimo na emwe ba nyirabyo no kwishyuza imiyoboro. Ntabwo ari ugukoresha no guhangayika-ubusa. Niba ishimwe rikomeye rigezweho, ndizera ko bizadutera icyizere mugihe kizaza cyibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi.
Kurushaho kwikosora:Cyane cyane kubidurukizo bishyuza ibirundo, diameter yo hanze ya kabili irashobora kuba nto mugihe ushimangira ko atandukanijwe nubusa. Kora umugozi woroshye, ndetse no kubantu bafite imbaraga zintege nke nabo biroroshye gukora.
Byinshi Byoroshye:Umugozi woroshye uroroshye kunama no kumva neza gufata. Bituma kandi bituma ibikorwa byindabyo biba byiza kandi byoroshye kwishyiriraho. Insinga zabakozi zirimo kwishyuza imigozi myiza ya TPU na TPU hamwe na Flex nziza ariko irwanya Freep, delastique nziza n'imbaraga nziza, ntabwo byoroshye kuyihindura, no kubungabunga umutekano.
Kuramba gukomeye no kurwanya ikirere:Reba ibikoresho fatizo hamwe nigishushanyo mbonera kugirango wirinde guswera kubera UV no gushyushya umunaniro mugihe cyibihe bishyushye. Kandi, ntibizakomera cyangwa gutakaza guhinduka mu gihe cy'itumba rikonje, kandi nta mpamvu yo guhangayikishwa n'ikirere cyangiza umugozi.
Tanga ifunga rirwanya ubujura:Irinde imodoka kuva mu buryo butunguranye ihangane umugozi wo kwishyuza numuntu mugihe cyo kwishyuza, guhungabanya kwishyuza.
4.Umurongo uteganijwe
Kunganda zirimo ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi, bikiri mu majyambere, ibipimo ngendemezo ni urugamba rukomeye kubicuruzwa kugirango binjire ku isoko. Insinga zemewe zemewe kugirango urebe ko buri ntebe yujuje ibipimo, bityo rero byizewe, umutekano, kandi wizewe. Insinga zirimo kwishyuza ntabwo zikoreshwa gusa kugirango zitange imbaraga kuri EVT ahubwo zigomba no gutumanaho, bityo umutekano wabo ni ngombwa.
Mu masoko y'i Burayi na Amerika, ibyemezo by'ingenzi birimo Ukca, IC, UL, na Tuv. Amabwiriza n'umutekano bigomba gukoreshwa ku isoko ryaho, kandi bimwe nibisabwa gutegekwa no kubona inkunga. Kugirango utsinde izi mpamyabumenyi, mubisanzwe igomba kunyura mubizamini byinshi bikomeye, nkibizamini byigituro, ibizamini byamashanyarazi, ibizamini byo kwibigeraho, nibindi.
5.Future Trend: Imbaraga-Zisumba ryihuta
Mugihe ubushobozi bwa bateri bwibigaragaro bwiyongera, umuvuduko ushimishije usaba ijoro ryose ryishyuza ntabwo bihagije kubantu benshi. Nigute ushobora kugera kumutekano kandi byoroshye kwishyuza byihuse nikibazo inganda zo gutwara abantu zitwara abantu zikeneye gusuzuma. Urakoze kungurana ubushyuhe bwihuse bwikoranabuhanga rikonje, ububasha buhebutse bushobora kugera kuri 350 ~ 500KW. Ariko, tuzi ko iyi atari imperuka,Kandi turizera ko kwishyuza ev bishobora kuba byihuse nko kuringaniza imodoka. Iyo ikipe yo hejuru ikoreshwa, gukonjesha amazi kwishyuza birashobora kandi kugera ku icupa. Muri kiriya gihe, dushobora gukenera kugerageza ibindi bisubizo. Inyigisho zimwe zasabye ko icyiciro gihindura ikoranabuhanga ryikoranabuhanga rishobora kuba igisubizo gishya, ariko gishobora gufata igihe kirekire mbere yuko yinjira ku isoko.
6.Future Trend: V2X
V2X isobanura interineti yimodoka, bivuga guhuza nitumanaho ningaruka zashyizweho nimodoka nibindi bikoresho. Gusaba V2X birashobora kudufasha gukemura neza imbaraga no gutwara abantu. Harimo ahanini V2G (Grid), V2H (Urugo) / B (inyubako), V2M (microgr), na v2l (umutwaro).
Kumenya V2X, imigozi ibiri yo kwishyuza igomba gukoreshwa kugirango igere ku kwanduza ingufu. Ibi bizahindura imyumvire yacu yibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi, bishoboze imitwaro ihindagurika, kubona imbaraga zoroshye, no kwagura ububiko bwingufu muri gride. Kohereza imbaraga namakuru kuva cyangwa kumodoka muburyo bufitanye isano cyangwa ingufu.
7.Future Trend: Kwishyuza
Kimwe na terefone igendanwa ya none yishyuza, nini-minini idafite umugozi irashobora kandi gushyirwa mubikorwa mubinyabiziga byamashanyarazi mugihe kizaza. Ubu ni tekinoroji y'impinduramatwara n'ikibazo gikomeye cyo kwishyuza insinga.
Imbaraga zoherezwa mu cyuho cyikirere, hamwe na magnetique yimbere mu magare n'abari mu modoka bishyuza. Ntabwo hazabaho guhangayikishwa na mileage, no kwishyuza bizashoboka igihe icyo aricyo cyose imodoka yamashanyarazi itwaye mumuhanda. Icyo gihe, birashoboka ko tuzasezera gusezera ku kwishyuza insinga. Ariko, ubu kokora ikoranabuhanga busaba kubaka ibikorwa remezo cyane, kandi bigomba gufata igihe kirekire kugirango bigaragare cyane.
Insinga zihangana zigomba kohereza neza amakuru kugirango ibibe vyibi bibi birashobora kwerekana ihuriro ryizewe, nubwo nanone gushobora no kwishyuza ibintu byihuse kandi bikabasha kwihanganira ibintu bishingiye ku bidukikije nkubushyuhe bushobora kugira ingaruka kumikorere yo kwishyuza. Imyaka yimyaka yabakozi yubushakashatsi n'iterambere mu murima wo kwishyuza imigozi yaduhaye ubushishozi n'ibisubizo bitandukanye. Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi, nyamuneka tubitumenyeshe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nov-28-2023