Mu bihe bya nyuma y’ibinyabiziga, ibibazo by’ikirere bigenda byiyongera, kandi gukemura ibibazo by’ikirere byabaye ibintu byo ku rwego rwo hejuru ku rutonde rw’ibikorwa bya guverinoma. Ni ubwumvikane ku isi yose ko kwemeza ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi ari uburyo bwiza bwo kuzamura ikirere. Kugirango wongere ikoreshwa rya EV, hari ingingo imwe idashobora kwirindwa - kwishyuza ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi. Nk’uko ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwakozwe ku isoko ry’abaguzi bubivuga, abakoresha imodoka bavuga ko kutizera kwishyurwa ari inzitizi ya gatatu ikomeye mu kugura EV. Inzira yose yo kwishyuza EV ikubiyemo imbaraga za gride zitangwa nibikorwa remezo byamashanyarazi no kubaka sitasiyo zishyuza zujuje isoko. Ikibahuza nizi modoka zamashanyarazi zishimishije ni insinga zishyuza EV. Kugirango ukoreshe isoko rinini ryo kugurisha ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi, insinga zishyuza za EV, nkigice cyingenzi, zishobora guhura cyangwa guhura nibibazo bikurikira.
1.Kwongera muburyo bwihuse Kwishyuza
Imodoka ya ICE tumaze kumenyera mubisanzwe bifata iminota mike yo kuzuza, kandi mubisanzwe ntabwo bikenewe gutonda umurongo. Mubitekerezo rusange rero, lisansi nikintu cyihuse. Ninyenyeri nshya, muri rusange EV igomba kwishyurwa amasaha menshi cyangwa nijoro. Nubwo ubu hari amashanyarazi menshi yihuta, bifata byibuze igice cyisaha. Iri tandukaniro rikomeye mugihe cy "lisansi" rituma umuvuduko wo kwishyuza ikintu cyingenzi kibuza kwamamara kwa EV.
Usibye imbaraga zitangwa na charger, ibintu bigira ingaruka kumuvuduko wa charge ya EV bigomba no gutekereza kubushobozi bwa bateri hamwe nubushobozi bwo kwakira imodoka ubwayo, kandi cyane cyane - ubushobozi bwo kohereza umugozi wamashanyarazi.
Kubera igenamigambi ryateganijwe rya sitasiyo zishyuza, kugirango harebwe niba ibyambu byo kwishyiriraho ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi ahantu hatandukanye bishobora guhuzwa byoroshye nicyambu cyo kwishyiriraho amashanyarazi, insinga zumuriro zizaba zifite uburebure bukwiye, kugirango abafite imodoka bashobore kubikora bitagoranye . Impamvu ituma tuvuga "uburebure bukwiye" ni ukubera ko mugihe twemeza ko umuyoboro wogushiraho ushobora kugerwaho, birashobora kandi gusobanura kwiyongera k'umurongo wa kabili no gutakaza amashanyarazi. Hagomba rero kubaho gushyira mu gaciro hagati yizi nyungu zombi.
Kurwanya mugihe cyo kwishyuza bituruka kumurwanya wuyobora no guhuza imiyoboro ya kabili na pin. Ikoreshwa rya kabili hamwe na pin ya tekinoroji isanzwe ikoresha uburyo bwo guhonyora, ariko ubu buryo buzaganisha ku guhangana cyane no gutakaza ingufu nyinshi. Bitewe nibisabwa cyane kubisohoka cyane mumashanyarazi ya DC, umugozi mushya wa Workersbee amashanyarazi ya DC ikoresha tekinoroji yo gusudira ultrasonic kugirango izane imikoranire hafi ya zeru kandi itume amashanyarazi menshi arengana. Imikorere myiza yamashanyarazi yakwegereye ibitekerezo hamwe ninama za benshi bazwi cyane mubikoresho byo kwishyuza kwisi.
2.Gukemura neza ibibazo byo kuzamuka k'ubushyuhe
Mugihe cyo kwishyuza, hari isano ikomeye hagati yubushyuhe bwumuriro wumuriro nubwihuta bwumuriro. Ku ruhande rumwe, ihererekanyabubasha ritanga ubushyuhe. Mugihe ikigenda cyiyongera, ubushyuhe buriyongera, bigatuma kurwanya biriyongera. Ku rundi ruhande, uko ubushyuhe bwuyobora bwiyongera, kurwanya biriyongera, ari nako bituma umuyaga ugabanuka.
Ubwiyongere bw'ubushyuhe bw'insinga n'ibihuza nabyo bitera ingaruka z'umutekano zimwe na zimwe, kuko ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bushobora gutera imikorere mibi cyangwa no kunanirwa kw'ibigize, cyangwa bishobora gutera umuriro. Kubwibyo, charger zisanzwe zifite umutekano mukurinda ubushyuhe burenze no kurinda birenze urugero. Ikimenyetso cy'ubushyuhe cyoherezwa cyane cyane mu kigo gishinzwe kugenzura ibicuruzwa binyuze mu kugenzura ubushyuhe bw’ibikoresho, nka bimwe mu bikoresho bya termistor, kugira ngo bitange igisubizo kijyanye no kugabanya amashanyarazi agezweho cyangwa akingira.
Kurenza igihe nyacyo cyo kugenzura ubushyuhe bwibikoresho, gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwigihe cyinsinga zumuriro nigisubizo nyamukuru cyo gukemura izamuka ryubushyuhe. Mubisanzwe bigabanijwemo ibisubizo bibiri: gukonjesha bisanzwe no gukonjesha amazi. Iyambere yishingikiriza cyane kumyuka yumuyaga wibikoresho kugirango yongere igice cyambukiranya insinga kandi ikore imiyoboro ikomeye kugirango igere ku bushyuhe busanzwe. Iyanyuma ishingiye cyane cyane kubukonje kugirango ikore kandi ihanahana ubushyuhe kugirango igabanye ubushyuhe, kandi uburyo bwo guhanahana ubushyuhe burenze cyane gukonjesha bisanzwe. Muri icyo gihe, tekinoroji yo gukonjesha isaba igice gito cyambukiranya insinga, bigatuma igishushanyo mbonera cyumuriro cyoroha kandi cyoroshye.
3.Kunoza uburambe bwabakoresha
Icya nyuma kivuga mugutondekanya insinga zo kwishyuza zigomba gusigara kubakoresha, harimo ba nyiri EV hamwe nabashinzwe kwishyuza. Ntabwo bigoye gukoresha no guhangayika kubungabunga. Niba ibisingizo nkibi bigerwaho, ndizera ko bizatuma turushaho kwigirira icyizere ejo hazaza h’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi.
Ibiremereye cyane:By'umwihariko kububasha bukomeye bwa DC bwishyuza ibirundo, diameter yo hanze ya kabili irashobora kuba nto mugihe itanga ubushyuhe. Kora umugozi woroshye, nubwo kubantu bafite imbaraga nke nabo biroroshye gukora.
Biroroshye guhinduka:Umugozi woroshye uroroshye kunama kandi ukumva byoroshye gufata. Bituma kandi imikorere ya cabling igaragara cyane kandi kuyishyiraho byoroshye. Intsinga yo kwishyuza abakozi ikozwe mubwiza buhanitse bwa TPE na TPU hamwe na flex nziza ariko irwanya creep, elastique nziza nimbaraga, ntabwo byoroshye guhinduka, hamwe no kubungabunga nta kibazo.
Kuramba gukomeye no guhangana nikirere:Reba ibikoresho bibisi hamwe nuburyo bwubatswe kugirango wirinde kumeneka kubera UV hamwe numunaniro mwinshi mugihe cyizuba. Na none, ntabwo bizakomera cyangwa ngo bitakaza guhinduka mugihe cyubukonje bukonje, kandi nta mpamvu yo guhangayikishwa nikirere cyangiza umugozi.
Tanga gufunga kurwanya ubujura:Irinde imodoka guhita ucomeka umugozi wumuriro numuntu mugihe cyo kwishyuza, guhagarika umuriro.
4.Mujuje ubuziranenge bukomeye
Ku nganda zikoresha amashanyarazi zikoresha amashanyarazi, zikiri mu majyambere, ibipimo byemeza ni inzitizi ikomeye ku bicuruzwa byinjira ku isoko. Intsinga zishyirwaho zemewe zikurikiranwa kugirango buri cyiciro cyujuje ubuziranenge, bityo birusheho kwizerwa, umutekano, kandi byizewe. Kwishyuza insinga ntibikoreshwa gusa mugutanga amashanyarazi kuri EV gusa ahubwo no mubitumanaho, umutekano wabo rero ni ngombwa.
Mu masoko y’i Burayi n’Amerika, impamyabumenyi nyamukuru zirimo UKCA, CE, UL, na TUV. Amabwiriza nibisabwa byumutekano bigomba gukoreshwa kumasoko yaho, kandi bimwe nibisabwa kugirango umuntu abone inkunga. Kugira ngo batsinde izo mpamyabumenyi, mubisanzwe bigomba kunyura mubizamini byinshi bikomeye, nkibizamini byumuvuduko, ibizamini byamashanyarazi, ibizamini byo kwibiza, nibindi.
5.Igihe kizaza: Kwishyuza imbaraga-byihuse
Mugihe ubushobozi bwa bateri ya EV bwiyongera, umuvuduko wo kwishyuza usaba kwishyurwa nijoro ntabwo uhagije kubantu benshi. Nigute ushobora kugera kubintu byihuse kandi byoroshye kwishyurwa ni ikibazo inganda zose zikoresha amashanyarazi zikeneye gutekereza. Bitewe no guhana ubushyuhe bwihuse bwa tekinoroji yo gukonjesha, ingufu ziriho zirashobora kugera kuri 350 ~ 500kw. Ariko, tuzi ko iyi atari yo mperuka，kandi twizera ko kwishyuza EV bishobora kwihuta nko gusunika imodoka ya ICE. Mugihe ikoreshwa ryinshi ryumuriro ryakoreshejwe, kwishyuza gukonjesha birashobora no kugera kumacakubiri. Icyo gihe, dushobora gukenera kugerageza ibisubizo byinshi. Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwerekanye ko tekinoloji yo guhindura icyiciro ikora ishobora kuba igisubizo gishya, ariko bishobora gufata igihe kirekire mbere yuko yinjira ku isoko.
6.Igihe kizaza: V2X
V2X bisobanura interineti y'ibinyabiziga, bivuga imiyoboro y'itumanaho n'ingaruka zashyizweho n'imodoka nibindi bikoresho. Gukoresha V2X birashobora kudufasha gucunga neza ingufu n’umutekano wo gutwara abantu. Harimo cyane cyane V2G (grid), V2H (urugo) / B (inyubako), V2M (microgrid), na V2L (umutwaro).
Kugirango umenye V2X, insinga zibiri zo kwishyuza zigomba gukoreshwa kugirango ingufu zogukwirakwiza neza. Ibi bizahindura imyumvire yacu kubinyabiziga byamashanyarazi, bizafasha imitwaro yoroheje, kubona ingufu zoroshye, no kwagura ububiko bwingufu muri gride. Kohereza imbaraga namakuru kuva cyangwa kubinyabiziga muburyo buhujwe cyangwa imbaraga.
7.Icyerekezo kizaza: Kwishyuza Wireless
Kimwe na terefone igendanwa yumunsi, nini nini yo kwishyuza irashobora no gushyirwa mubikorwa kugirango amashanyarazi yishyurwe mugihe kizaza. Ubu ni tekinoroji ya revolution kandi nikibazo gikomeye cyo kwishyuza insinga.
Imbaraga zanduzwa binyuze mu cyuho cyo mu kirere, hamwe na magnetiki coil imbere muri charger hamwe niziri imbere yimodoka zishakisha. Ntabwo hazongera kubaho impungenge za mileage, kandi kwishyuza bizashoboka igihe icyo aricyo cyose mugihe imodoka yamashanyarazi igenda mumuhanda. Icyo gihe, birashoboka ko tuzasezera kumashanyarazi. Nyamara, iri koranabuhanga risaba kubaka ibikorwa remezo cyane, kandi bigomba gufata igihe kirekire kugirango ryamamare cyane.
Intsinga zo kwishyuza zigomba kohereza amakuru neza kugirango EV hamwe numuyoboro wogushiraho bishobora gushiraho umurongo wizewe, mugihe nanone ushobora gutanga amashanyarazi yihuta kandi ukabasha guhangana nibidukikije bidukikije nkubushyuhe bushobora kugira ingaruka kumikorere. Imyaka ya Workersbee yubushakashatsi niterambere murwego rwo kwishyuza insinga byaduhaye ubushishozi nibisubizo bitandukanye. Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi, nyamuneka tubitumenyeshe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-28-2023