Benshi mu bafite imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi barababara cyane mugihe bahuye nubukonje, nabwo bukabuza abaguzi benshi batinya kureka ibinyabiziga bya lisansi kugirango bahitemo ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi.
Nubwo twese twemera ko mugihe cyubukonje, ibinyabiziga bya lisansi nabyo bizagira ingaruka zisa - kugabanuka kurwego, kongera lisansi, hamwe nigihe kirekire cyubushyuhe buke cyane birashobora gutuma ikinyabiziga kidatangira. Nyamara, inyungu ndende yimodoka ya lisansi itwikira izo ngaruka mbi kurwego runaka.
Byongeye kandi, bitandukanye na moteri yimodoka ya lisansi, itanga ubushyuhe bwinshi bwimyanda kugirango ishyushye kabine, imikorere myiza ya moteri yamashanyarazi yikinyabiziga cyamashanyarazi itanga ubushyuhe bwimyanda. Kubwibyo, iyo ubushyuhe bwibidukikije buri hasi, aba nyuma bakeneye gukoresha ingufu zinyongera kugirango bashushe neza. Ibi bivuze kandi gutakaza byinshi murwego rwa EV.
Turahangayitse kubera ikitazwi. Niba dufite ubumenyi buhagije kubyerekeye ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi kandi tukumva uburyo twakoresha imbaraga zabo kandi tukirinda intege nke zabo kugirango zidukorere neza, ntituzongera guhangayika. Turashobora kubyakira neza.
Noneho, reka tuganire ku buryo ubukonje bugira ingaruka kuriUrwegonaKwishyuzaya EV, nuburyo ki bwiza dushobora gukoresha kugirango tugabanye izo ngaruka.
Ubushishozi bukora
Twagerageje gushaka ibisubizo bimwebimwe duhereye kubitanga ibikoresho byishyuza bishobora kugabanya ingaruka mbi zubukonje.
- Icyambere, ntukemere ko bateri yikinyabiziga cyamashanyarazi igabanuka munsi ya 20%;
- Banza ukoreshe bateri hamwe no gushyushya mbere yo kwishyuza, koresha intebe hamwe nubushyuhe bwa tekinike, hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hasi bwa cabine kugirango ugabanye ingufu;
- Gerageza kwishyuza mugihe gishyushye cyumunsi;
- Byaba byiza wishyuye muri garage ishyushye, ifunze hamwe na charge ntarengwa yashyizwe kuri 70% -80%;
- Koresha imashini icomeka kugirango imodoka ishobore gukuramo ingufu zumuriro kugirango ushushe aho gukoresha bateri;
- Twara witonze cyane mumihanda yubukonje, kuko ushobora gukenera gufata feri kenshi. Tekereza guhagarika feri ishya, rwose, ibi biterwa nibinyabiziga byihariye nuburyo bwo gutwara;
- Kwishyuza ako kanya nyuma yo guhagarara kugirango ugabanye igihe cyo gushyushya bateri.
Ibintu Bimwe Kumenya Mbere
Ibikoresho bya batiri ya EV bitanga imbaraga binyuze mumiti. Igikorwa cyiyi reaction ya electrochemical reaction, iboneka kuri positif nziza kandi mbi ya electrode / electrolyte ifitanye isano nubushyuhe.
Imiti yimiti ikora byihuse ahantu hashyushye. Ubushyuhe buke bwongera ubwiza bwa electrolyte, bigabanya umuvuduko muke muri bateri, byongera imbaraga zimbere muri bateri, kandi bigatuma kwishyurwa bitinda. Amashanyarazi ya polarisiyonike yongerewe ingufu, gukwirakwiza amafaranga ntago aringaniye, no gushiraho dendrite ya lithium. Ibi bivuze ko ingufu zingirakamaro za bateri zizagabanuka, bivuze ko intera izagabanuka. Ubushyuhe buke nabwo bugira ingaruka kumodoka ya lisansi, ariko imodoka zamashanyarazi ziragaragara.
Nubwo bizwi ko ubushyuhe buke butera igihombo murwego rwo kugenda rwa EV, haracyari itandukaniro hagati yimodoka zitandukanye. Dukurikije imibare y’ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku isoko, kugumana ubushobozi bwa batiri bizagabanukaho 10% kugeza kuri 40% ugereranije n’ubushyuhe buke. Biterwa nicyitegererezo cyimodoka, uko ikirere gikonje, sisitemu yo gushyushya, nibintu nko gutwara no kwishyuza.
Iyo ubushyuhe bwa bateri ya EV buri hasi cyane, ntibishobora kwishyurwa neza. Imodoka zamashanyarazi zizabanza gukoresha ingufu zinjiza kugirango zishyushya bateri hanyuma zitangire kwishyurwa nyirizina iyo igeze ku bushyuhe runaka.
Kuri ba nyiri EV, ikirere gikonje bisobanura intera yo hasi nigihe kinini cyo kwishyuza. Kubwibyo, abafite uburambe mubisanzwe bishyuza ijoro mugihe cyubukonje hanyuma bagashyushya imodoka mbere yo guhaguruka.
Ubuhanga bwo gucunga ubushyuhe bwa EV
Ubuhanga bwo gucunga neza ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi nibyingenzi mumikorere ya bateri, intera, hamwe nuburambe bwo gutwara.
Igikorwa cyibanze ni ugucunga ubushyuhe bwa bateri kugirango bateri ishobore gukora cyangwa kwishyuza mubipimo byubushyuhe bukwiye kandi bikomeze gukora neza. Menya neza imikorere ya bateri, ubuzima, n'umutekano, kandi wongere neza ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi mugihe cyizuba cyangwa icyi.
Icya kabiri, kunoza uburambe bwo gutwara, gucunga neza ubushyuhe bizaha abashoferi ubushyuhe bwiza bwa cabine mugihe cyizuba nubukonje, kugabanya gutakaza ingufu, no kunoza ingufu.
Binyuze mu kugabana neza sisitemu yo gucunga amashyuza, ubushyuhe nubukonje bukenera buri muzunguruko biringaniye, bityo bikagabanya gukoresha ingufu.
Ubu buryo bukuru bwa tekinoroji yo gucunga ubushyuhe burimoPTC(Positive Temperature Coefficient) yishingikiriza kumashanyarazi yumuriro kandiHkuryaPumptekinoroji ikoresha inzinguzingo ya termodinamike. Iterambere ryikoranabuhanga rifite akamaro kanini mugutezimbere imikorere, umutekano, gukoresha ingufu, hamwe nuburambe bwo gutwara.
Ukuntu Ubukonje bukonje bugira ingaruka kuri EV
Kuri ubu, abantu bose bafite ubwumvikane ko ikirere gikonje kizagabanya ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi.
Ariko, hari ubwoko bubiri bwigihombo murwego rwa EV. Imwe niGutakaza Urwego Rwigihe gito, nigihombo cyigihe gito giterwa nibintu nkubushyuhe, terrain, numuvuduko wamapine. Ubushyuhe nibumara gushyuha ubushyuhe bukwiye, mileage yatakaye izagaruka.
Ibindi niGutakaza Urwego Rwose. Imyaka y'ibinyabiziga (ubuzima bwa bateri), ingeso yo kwishyuza burimunsi, hamwe nimyitwarire yo kubungabunga buri munsi byose bizatera igihombo cyimodoka, kandi ntibishobora gusubira inyuma.
Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, ikirere gikonje kizagabanya imikorere ya bateri ya EV. Ntabwo bizagabanya gusa ibikorwa bya reaction yimiti muri bateri kandi bigabanye kugumana ubushobozi bwa bateri ahubwo bizanagabanya imikorere yumuriro no gusohora neza. Kurwanya bateri biriyongera kandi ubushobozi bwo kugarura ingufu buragabanuka.
Bitandukanye n’imodoka za lisansi, imodoka zamashanyarazi zigomba gukoresha ingufu za bateri kandi zikabyara ubushyuhe bwo gushyushya kabine no gushyushya bateri, ibyo bikaba byongera ingufu kuri kilometero kandi bikagabanya intera. Muri iki gihe, igihombo nigihe gito, ntugahangayike cyane, kuko kizagaruka.
Ikwirakwizwa rya batiri ryavuzwe haruguru rizatera imvura ya lithium muri electrode ndetse no gushiraho dendrite ya lithium, ibyo bigatuma igabanuka ryimikorere ya bateri, kugabanuka kwubushobozi bwa bateri, ndetse nibibazo byumutekano. Muri iki gihe, igihombo gihoraho.
Byaba by'agateganyo cyangwa bihoraho, rwose turashaka kugabanya ibyangiritse bishoboka. Abakora amamodoka barimo gukora cyane kugirango basubize muburyo bukurikira:
- Shiraho porogaramu ya bateri mbere yo kuzimya cyangwa kwishyuza
- Kunoza imikorere yo kugarura ingufu
- Hindura uburyo bwo gushyushya kabine
- Hindura uburyo bwo gucunga ibinyabiziga
- Igishushanyo mbonera cyumubiri wimodoka hamwe no kutarwanya
Ukuntu Ubukonje bukonje bugira ingaruka kuri EV
Nkuko ubushyuhe bukwiye busabwa kugirango ihindurwe rya batiri mumashanyarazi ya kinetic, kwishyuza neza nabyo bigomba kuba mubipimo byubushyuhe bukwiye.
Ubushyuhe bukabije cyangwa buke cyane bizongera ubukana bwa bateri, bigabanye umuvuduko wumuriro, bigira ingaruka kumikorere ya bateri, bigabanye imikorere yumuriro, kandi bitume igihe kinini cyo kwishyuza.
Mugihe cy'ubushyuhe buke, imikorere ya bateri no kugenzura imikorere ya BMS irashobora kugira amakosa cyangwa bikananirana, bikagabanya imikorere yumuriro.
Batteri yubushyuhe buke irashobora kudashobora kwishyurwa mugihe cyambere, bisaba gushyushya bateri ubushyuhe bukwiye mbere yuko kwishyurwa bitangira, nibindi byiyongera mugihe cyo kwishyuza.
Byongeye kandi, charger nyinshi nazo zifite aho zigarukira mugihe cyubukonje kandi ntizishobora gutanga amashanyarazi na voltage bihagije kugirango bikemurwe. Ibikoresho byabo bya elegitoroniki byimbere nabyo bifite ubushyuhe bukenewe bwo gukora. Ubushyuhe buke bushobora kugabanya ituze n'imikorere, bigira ingaruka kumikorere.
Kwishyuza insinga nabyo bisa nkaho byibasiwe nubushyuhe buke, cyane cyane insinga za charger za DC. Nibyimbye kandi biremereye, kandi ubukonje bushobora gutuma bikomera kandi ntibigoramye bigatuma bigora abashoferi ba EV gukora.
Urebye ko imibereho myinshi idashobora gushyigikira kwishyiriraho urugo rwigenga, amashanyarazi ya Workersbee yimbere FLEX CHARGER 2birashobora kuba amahitamo meza.
Irashobora kuba charger yingendo mumurongo ariko nanone igahinduka Private Home Charger kubafite imodoka zamashanyarazi. Ifite umubiri wuburyo bukomeye kandi bukomeye, uburyo bworoshye bwo kwishyuza amashanyarazi, hamwe ninsinga zo mu rwego rwo hejuru byoroshye, bishobora gutanga amashanyarazi agera kuri 7kw. Ibikorwa byiza bitarinda amazi kandi bitagira umukungugu bigera kurwego rwo kurinda IP67, ntugomba rero guhangayikishwa nimikorere yumutekano no kwizerwa ndetse no gukoresha hanze.
Niba tuzi neza ko impinduramatwara y’ibinyabiziga ikoresha amashanyarazi ikwiye ejo hazaza h’ibidukikije, ikirere, ingufu, n'imibereho myiza y’abantu, ndetse bikaba byanagirira akamaro ab'igihe kizaza, hanyuma tukamenya ko tuzahura n’ibi bibazo by’ubukonje, dukwiye ntugire imbaraga zo kubishyira mubikorwa.
Ibihe bikonje bitera ingorane zikomeye kurwego, kwishyuza, ndetse no kwinjirira mumasoko y'ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi. Ariko Workersbee itegerezanyije amatsiko gukorana nabapayiniya bose kugirango baganire ku guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga ry’imicungire y’ubushyuhe, iterambere ry’ibidukikije byishyurwa, ndetse no guteza imbere ibisubizo bitandukanye bishoboka. Twizera ko ibibazo bizatsindwa kandi inzira yo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi arambye izagenda yoroha kandi yagutse.
Twishimiye kuganira no gusangira ubushishozi na EV hamwe nabafatanyabikorwa bacu bose hamwe nabapayiniya!
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-29-2024