Uburyo Amashanyarazi Yimodoka Yumuriro Akazi: AC na DC Kwishyuza Byasobanuwe

Mugihe ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi (EV) bikomeje kwiyongera mubyamamare, kumva uburyo sitasiyo zayo zikora bigenda biba ngombwa. Waba uri nyiri EV mushya cyangwa ubucuruzi utekereza gushiraho sitasiyo yo kwishyuza, kumenya uburyo sisitemu ikora birashobora kugufasha gufata ibyemezo byuzuye. Muri iyi ngingo, tuzasobanura amahame yimikorere ya sitasiyo yumuriro wamashanyarazi, ikubiyemo itandukaniro ryingenzi riri hagati yumuriro wa AC na DC, ndetse nuburyo charger ivugana nikinyabiziga kugirango yishyure neza.

Sitasiyo Yishyuza Ibinyabiziga Niki?

Sitasiyo yumuriro wamashanyarazi, bakunze kwita charger ya EV, nibikorwa remezo bitanga ingufu zamashanyarazi muri bateri ya EV. Izi sitasiyo ningirakamaro mu guha ingufu ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi haba muri leta ndetse n’abikorera ku giti cyabo. Kugirango urusheho kurinda umutekano nuburyo bwo kwishyuza, gusobanukirwa uburyo inzira yo kwishyuza ikora ni ngombwa.

AC na DC Kwishyuza: Itandukaniro irihe?

Ku bijyanye no kwishyuza EV, ubwoko bwimikorere ikoreshwa bugira uruhare runini muburyo bwihuse kandi neza. Ubwoko bubiri bwibanze bwo kwishyuza ni ugusimbuza amashanyarazi (AC) no kwishyuza bitaziguye (DC).

Kwishyuza AC:

Kwishyuza AC nuburyo busanzwe bwo kwishyuza ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi, cyane cyane kubikoresha murugo. Muri ubu buryo, imashini yumuriro wamashanyarazi ihinduranya amashanyarazi (AC) avuye mumashanyarazi ahinduka amashanyarazi (DC) abereye bateri yikinyabiziga. Amashanyarazi ya AC mubisanzwe akora kurwego rwo hasi (mubisanzwe 3.7 kW kugeza kuri 22 kWt), bivuze ko ari byiza kwijoro cyangwa igihe kirekire.

Kwishyuza DC:

Ku rundi ruhande, kwishyuza DC, bakunze kwita kwishyurwa byihuse cyangwa DC byihuse, bitanga amashanyarazi ya DC kuri bateri yimodoka. Iyi sitasiyo yumuriro irashobora gutanga ingufu zisumba izindi zose (mubisanzwe 50 kW kugeza 350 kW), bigatuma imodoka ishobora kwihuta cyane. Amashanyarazi ya DC arenga kuri charger yububiko hanyuma agatanga ingufu kuri bateri, bikagabanya cyane igihe cyo kwishyuza. Kwishyuza DC bikunze kuboneka mubucuruzi bwumuhanda no mumihanda.

Nigute Amashanyarazi Yimodoka Yishyuza Yimodoka?

Itumanaho hagati ya sitasiyo yumuriro wa EV n imodoka ningirakamaro kugirango habeho ihererekanyabubasha ryizewe kandi neza. Iri tumanaho ryoroherezwa binyuze muri protocole ituma ibikoresho byombi byo guhanahana amakuru yingenzi.

Uruhare rw'amasezerano y'itumanaho:

Porotokole ikoreshwa cyane kuri EVS ni ISO 15118 isanzwe, itanga itumanaho ryizewe kandi ryiza hagati yumuriro n imodoka. Porotokole yemerera ibi bikurikira:

Igenzura rya Bateri: Sitasiyo yumuriro irashobora gukurikirana uko bateri igeze kandi igahindura amashanyarazi uko bikwiye.

Ingamba z'umutekano: Ikinyabiziga na charger biravugana kugirango inzira yo kwishyuza itekane, irinde ibibazo nko kwishyuza cyane cyangwa gushyuha.

Ibyifuzo byo Kwishyuza: Imashini zimwe na zimwe za chargeri zirashobora kuvugana ibyifuzo nkumuvuduko wo kwishyuza cyangwa umwanya wihariye wo kwishyuza, bigatuma abakoresha bahindura uburambe bwo kwishyuza.

Uburyo bwo Kwishyuza: Kuva Gucomeka-Kuri Byuzuye

Iyo EV icometse kuri sitasiyo yo kwishyuza, intambwe zikurikira zibaho:

Guhuza no Gutangiza: Sitasiyo yo kwishyiriraho ishyiraho ikinyabiziga, ikemeza ko impande zombi ziteguye inzira yo kwishyuza. Amashanyarazi agenzura ko EV ijyanye na power yamashanyarazi.

Gutanga amashanyarazi: Iyo ihuza rimaze gushingwa, charger itangira kugeza amashanyarazi muri bateri ya EV. Igipimo cyo kwishyuza giterwa n'ubwoko bwa charger (AC cyangwa DC), ubushobozi bwa bateri, nuburyo bugezweho.

Itumanaho Hagati y'Ibinyabiziga na Charger: Nkuko ikinyabiziga cyishyuza, sitasiyo yumuriro ikomeza kuvugana na sisitemu yimodoka kugirango ihindure itangwa ryamashanyarazi, ikurikirane ubuzima bwa bateri, kandi hubahirizwe protocole yumutekano.

Guhagarika no guhagarika: Iyo bateri imaze kugera kurwego rwifuzwa cyangwa yishyuwe byuzuye, uburyo bwo kwishyuza burahita burangira, kandi sisitemu igahagarika umutekano mumashanyarazi.

Kuki Gusobanukirwa kwishyuza EV ari ngombwa

Kumva uburyo sitasiyo ya EV ikora ishobora gufasha abakoresha gufata ibyemezo bijyanye nuburyo bwo kwishyuza ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi. Waba utekereza gushiraho sitasiyo yo kwishyiriraho murugo cyangwa guhitamo sitasiyo rusange, kumenya itandukaniro riri hagati yumuriro wa AC na DC, nuburyo bigira ingaruka kumwanya wo kwishyuza no gukora neza, ni ngombwa.

Mugihe ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi bigenda byiyongera, gusobanukirwa ihame ryakazi rya sitasiyo yumuriro wa EV bigenda biba ngombwa. Waba ufite nyiri EV mushya cyangwa umuntu ushaka gushyiraho sitasiyo yo kwishyuza, uzi gutandukanya kwishyuza AC na DC, kimwe na protocole y'itumanaho yakoreshejwe, bizagufasha gufata ibyemezo byiza. Niba ushaka ibisubizo byizewe kandi byiza bya EV kwishyuza, tekereza gushakisha amahitamo aboneka mukarere kawe.

Kubindi bisobanuro hamwe nubuyobozi bwinzobere mugushiraho sitasiyo yo kwishyuza cyangwa kwiga byinshi kubijyanye na tekinoroji ya EV, wegeraAbakozi, aho twiyemeje gutanga ibisubizo byujuje ubuziranenge kubikenerwa byamashanyarazi.